Fly-By-Wire Airplane Control System Boeing 777 Fly-By-Wire
The Fly-By-Wire is a system that replaces ordinary flight controls with electric interface. Movement of the ordinary flight controls are power'd by electronic signals transmitted by wires, and the computers in the cockpit know how to move on its own at a ordered response. The signals are sent from the airplane cockpit to perform without the pilots commands, and it helps keep the airplane straight.
How it was made
The flight control system is heavy and require careful placement of the controls through the aircraft by systems of pulleys, cranks, tension and hydraulic pipes. Both require backup support in case of a emergency or failures. Dangerous situations such as stalling or spinning in a dive. The word "fly by wire" means a purely electrically signal control system.
How it works
The Fly-by wire systems are quite complex, but their operation can be explained in simple terms. When a pilot moves the control column (or sidestick), a signal is sent to a computer (analogous to moving a game controller) the signal is sent through multiple wires (channels) to ensure that the signal reaches the computer. A 'Triplex' is when there are three channels being used. In an Analog system, the computer receives the signals, performs a calculation (adds the signal voltages and divides by the number of signals received to find the mean average voltage) and adds another channel. These four 'Quadruplex' signals are then sent to the control surface actuator, and the surface begins to move. Potentiometers in the actuator send a signal back to the computer (usually a negative voltage) reporting the position of the actuator. When the actuator reaches the desired position, the two signals (incoming and outgoing) cancel each other out and the actuator stops moving (completing a feedback loop). In a Digital Fly By Wire Flight Control System complex software interprets digital signals from the pilots control input sensors and performs calculations based on the Flight Control Laws programmed into the Flight Control Computers and input from the Air Data Inertial Reference Units and other sensors. The computer then commands the flight control surfaces to adopt a configuration that will achieve the desired flight path. Fly-by-wire control systems allow aircraft computers to perform tasks without pilot input. Automatic stability systems operate in this way. Gyroscopes fitted with sensors are mounted in an aircraft to sense movement changes in the pitch, roll and yaw axes. Any movement (from straight and level flight for example) results in signals to the computer, which automatically moves control actuators to stabilize the aircraft.
History
The first test with the Fly-By-Wire was in the 1930's on the Soviet Tupolev ANT-20, The hydraulic connections where replaced with wires and electric servos. The first pure electronic fly-by-wire aircraft with no mechanical or hydraulic backup was the Apollo Lunar Landing Research Vehicle (LLRV), first flown in 1964. The first non-experimental aircraft that was designed and flown (in 1958) with a fly-by-wire flight control system was the Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow,[5][6] a feat not repeated with a production aircraft until Concorde in 1969. I think its pretty cool that Canada has a connection to this. The Concorde was the first production fly-by-wire airliner.
Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow, first non-experimental aircraft flown with a fly-by-wire control system
Types of Aircraft that have the "Fly By Wire" (some are a mix of airplanes and helicopters)
Aero Spacelines Super Guppy
Aerojet General X-8
AeroVironment Centurion
AeroVironment Gossamer Albatross
AeroVironment Helios
AeroVironment Pathfinder
AeroVironment Pathfinder Plus
AeroVironment RQ-14 Dragon Eye
Beechcraft King Air B-200 (UC-12B)
Beechcraft Super King Air (NASA 8)
Beechcraft T-34C
Bell UH-1H Iroquois (Huey)
Bell Lunar Landing Research Vehicle LLR V
Bell X-1A Glamorous Glennis
Beechcraft T-34C
Bell X-1B
Bell X-1E
Bell X-5
Bell XV-15
Bellanca Skyrocket II
Boeing 777
Boeing 737, NASA 515
1. What is the "fly by wire" power by ?
a) Electronic signals transmitted by the airplane
b)Electronic signals transmitted by wires
c) Electronic signals transmitted by a computer
d) Electronic signals transmitted by a generator
B and C are the correct answers for Q#1
2) What was the year and the airplane that first tested the "Fly By Wire"
a) Bell X-1A Glamorous Glennis in 1920's
b) Bellanca Skyrocket II in the 1950's
c) Beechcraft T-34C in the 1930's
d) Soviet Tupolev ANT-20 in the 1930's
Airplane Control System
Boeing 777 Fly-By-Wire
The Fly-By-Wire is a system that replaces ordinary flight controls with electric interface. Movement of the ordinary flight controls are power'd by electronic signals transmitted by wires, and the computers in the cockpit know how to move on its own at a ordered response. The signals are sent from the airplane cockpit to perform without the pilots commands, and it helps keep the airplane straight.
How it was made
The flight control system is heavy and require careful placement of the controls through the aircraft by systems of pulleys, cranks, tension and hydraulic pipes. Both require backup support in case of a emergency or failures. Dangerous situations such as stalling or spinning in a dive. The word "fly by wire" means a purely electrically signal control system.
How it works
The Fly-by wire systems are quite complex, but their operation can be explained in simple terms. When a pilot moves the control column (or sidestick), a signal is sent to a computer (analogous to moving a game controller) the signal is sent through multiple wires (channels) to ensure that the signal reaches the computer. A 'Triplex' is when there are three channels being used. In an Analog system, the computer receives the signals, performs a calculation (adds the signal voltages and divides by the number of signals received to find the mean average voltage) and adds another channel. These four 'Quadruplex' signals are then sent to the control surface actuator, and the surface begins to move. Potentiometers in the actuator send a signal back to the computer (usually a negative voltage) reporting the position of the actuator. When the actuator reaches the desired position, the two signals (incoming and outgoing) cancel each other out and the actuator stops moving (completing a feedback loop). In a Digital Fly By Wire Flight Control System complex software interprets digital signals from the pilots control input sensors and performs calculations based on the Flight Control Laws programmed into the Flight Control Computers and input from the Air Data Inertial Reference Units and other sensors. The computer then commands the flight control surfaces to adopt a configuration that will achieve the desired flight path. Fly-by-wire control systems allow aircraft computers to perform tasks without pilot input. Automatic stability systems operate in this way. Gyroscopes fitted with sensors are mounted in an aircraft to sense movement changes in the pitch, roll and yaw axes. Any movement (from straight and level flight for example) results in signals to the computer, which automatically moves control actuators to stabilize the aircraft.
History
The first test with the Fly-By-Wire was in the 1930's on the Soviet Tupolev ANT-20, The hydraulic connections where replaced with wires and electric servos. The first pure electronic fly-by-wire aircraft with no mechanical or hydraulic backup was the Apollo Lunar Landing Research Vehicle (LLRV), first flown in 1964. The first non-experimental aircraft that was designed and flown (in 1958) with a fly-by-wire flight control system was the Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow,[5][6] a feat not repeated with a production aircraft until Concorde in 1969. I think its pretty cool that Canada has a connection to this. The Concorde was the first production fly-by-wire airliner.
Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow, first non-experimental aircraft flown with a fly-by-wire control system
Types of Aircraft that have the "Fly By Wire"
(some are a mix of airplanes and helicopters)
Aero Spacelines Super Guppy
Aerojet General X-8
AeroVironment Centurion
AeroVironment Gossamer Albatross
AeroVironment Helios
AeroVironment Pathfinder
AeroVironment Pathfinder Plus
AeroVironment RQ-14 Dragon Eye
Beechcraft King Air B-200 (UC-12B)
Beechcraft Super King Air (NASA 8)
Beechcraft T-34C
Bell UH-1H Iroquois (Huey)
Bell Lunar Landing Research Vehicle LLR V
Bell X-1A Glamorous Glennis
Beechcraft T-34C
Bell X-1B
Bell X-1E
Bell X-5
Bell XV-15
Bellanca Skyrocket II
Boeing 777
Boeing 737, NASA 515
Boeing 747-100SR
Boeing 757
Boeing 747, (SOFIA)
Boeing B-52B
Boeing CH-47B Chinook
Boeing KC–135 Stratotanker
Boeing NB-52B, NASA NB-52B
Boeing X-37
Boeing X-40
Cessna 206H
Cessna 318 T-37 Tweet
Convair 880
Cessna 880
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_NASA_aircraft - list of aircraft with fly by wire
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fly by wire info
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fly-by-wire - more info on fly by wire
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_flight_control_system
https://rotorcraft.arc.nasa.gov/Publications/files/891_Courtney%20Solem.pdf- pdf of fly by wire
http://aviation-africa.eu/sites/default/files/events/105%20SIASA%20-%20Introduction%20Fly%20By%20Wire%20Aircraft%20and%20New%20Technology.pdf --intro to fly by wire
1. What is the "fly by wire" power by ?
a) Electronic signals transmitted by the airplane
b)Electronic signals transmitted by wires
c) Electronic signals transmitted by a computer
d) Electronic signals transmitted by a generator
B and C are the correct answers for Q#1
2) What was the year and the airplane that first tested the "Fly By Wire"
a) Bell X-1A Glamorous Glennis in 1920's
b) Bellanca Skyrocket II in the 1950's
c) Beechcraft T-34C in the 1930's
d) Soviet Tupolev ANT-20 in the 1930's
D is the correct answer